Theme Of Anxiety In Catcher In The Rye - 911 Words

The definition of existential anxiety is the negative feeling that arises in a human being. In the novel, Catcher in the Rye, by J.D. Salinger, the main character, Holden narrates events that happen after his school, Pencey, kicked him out for his deficient grades.With signs of this anxiety, he quickly finds himself in a state of depression caused by his struggle of growing up. Overwhelmed and afraid, Holden runs the other direction when he is hit with the idea of aging and his immature and innocent characteristics allow him to wander astray. Holden deals with his existential anxiety from his greatest fear, but throughout the story, we distinguish him experience phases of self hate from childish impulses and attempting to move towards the†¦show more content†¦However, having sex is something that is considered adultlike which takes Holden one step closer to becoming independent, but he backs out and goes back to his juvenile ways. To build upon this idea, Holden also shows a glimpse of the path of helplessness when he replies â€Å"no† to retain his innocence and avoids his existential anxiety. Furthermore, Holden starts daydreaming and thinking about his idealized future. He thinks, â€Å"I got excited as hell thinking about it. I really did. I knew the part about pretending I was a deaf-mute really decided to go out West and all† (Salinger, 199). As seen before, Holden is running away from his problems like a child and displays symptoms of helplessness because of his existential anxiety. Instead of facing the problem head on, Holden acts as if he is unable to cope with reality and live up to his ideal self. Ultimately, Holden shows childish impulses and immaturity, which sets him on the path of self hate. The protagonist, Holden, is moving away from the issue of existential anxiety and path of self hate into the path of self compassion from the five steps: breathing, awareness, acknowledgement, acceptance, action, and appreciation, by d emonstrating acts of kindness to others. In the beginning of the story, Holden would often judge a person instantly, such as Ackley and Stradlater, but later in the novel, we notice that Holden shows less judgement and more endearment in the form of the steps of self compassion. An exampleShow MoreRelatedTheme Of Anxiety In Catcher In The Rye849 Words   |  4 Pages Existential anxiety is the negative feeling that arises in a human being. In the novel, Catcher in the Rye, by J.D. Salinger, the main character, Holden narrates events that happen after his school, Pencey, kicked him out for his deficient grades.With signs of this anxiety, he quickly finds himself in a state of depression caused by his struggle of growing up. Overwhelmed and afraid, Holden runs the other direction when he is hit with the idea of aging and his immature and innocent characteristicsRead MoreHolden Caulfield and the Pressures of Society: The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger1286 Words   |  6 Pageso ften have a message or theme for the reader. Not only do authors use themes, but also well developed characters to bring a novel to life. In the bildungsroman, The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger, characterization is often found, especially regarding the protagonist, Holden Caulfield. Salinger also includes many themes in his novel relating to growing up in a corrupt society. Hence, this paper will compare, contrast, and evaluate literary criticisms regarding the themes and characterizationRead More 1950s Culture Exposed in The Catcher in the Rye Essay1361 Words   |  6 Pages1950s Culture Exposed in The Catcher in the Rye    J.D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye is a remarkable book that gives readers a unique and perhaps gloomy perspective of the 1950s through Holden Caulfield, a cynical and peculiar teenager. Through The Catcher in the Rye Salinger describes important aspects of the 1950s. Salinger emphasizes several key characteristics of the 50s and criticizes them through Holden. In addition, Holden Caulfield is a very interesting character withRead MoreJ.b. Salinger s A Perfect Day For Bananafish 1714 Words   |  7 PagesBuddhism, Hindu-Buddhism, and other Eastern beliefs. Buddhism can be found throughout Nine Stories in the book s closing story Teddy. He also was a devoted student of The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna, an important work of Hindu mysticism. The Catcher in the Rye is about Holden Caulfield who is a teenage who is great at being a slacker. The book starts with Holden failing school for the fourth time. During the last days before his leaves he looks for a way to finish his school experience but he endsRead MoreThe Innocence of Childhood in The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger1262 Words   |  6 Pages mature individual. The novel â€Å"The Catcher in the Rye† by J.D. Salinger follows the endeavours of Holden Caulfield, a sixteen-year-old teenage boy who faces a point in his life where he must make the transition from childhood to adulthood. In an attempt to retain his own childhood, he begins hoping to stop other young children from growing up and losing their innocence as well. As indicated by the title, â€Å"The Catcher in the Rye† is a book that explores a theme involving the preservation of innocenceRead MoreF. Salinger s The Catcher Of The Rye1121 Words   |  5 PagesOne of the best known novels in English-speaking countries, J.D Salinger’s Catcher In The Rye deals with Holden Caulfield’s past trauma which is the triggering factor in his depression, anxiety and alienation. Holden tells an unnamed person what has happened in the three days prior to his mental breakdown. Through Holden’s relatable characteristics and Salinger’s narrative treatment, the book continues to engage audiences across generations. The way that Salinger writes gives the audience a veryRead MoreReview Of The Perks Of Being A Wallflower 1569 Words   |  7 Pagesindividuals for the transition from childhood to adulthood. Stephen Chobsky’s novel, The Perks of Being a Wallflower, and J.D. Salinger’s novel, The Catcher in the Rye, are critically acclaimed coming of age stories that document the turbulence of adolescence. The protagonists of these novels, Charlie and Holden Caulfield, both encounter common themes in adolescence such as alienation, confusion of sexuality, and loss of innocence. However, although Charlie and Holden share similar experiences inRead MoreSuccess And Prosperity Of Shakespeare s Macbeth And The Catcher 1710 Words   |  7 PagesSuccess and Prosperity in Macbeth and The Catcher in the Rye From the beginning of time, achieving success and greatness has been the ultimate human goal. Success can be found in many different forms, from ruling a Roman empire to receiving a high grade on a test. Society’s view of success has changed throughout generations, urging people to conform to society’s beliefs in order to fulfill their goals and dreams. The theme of success and fulfillment are evident in literature and theatre pieces thatRead MoreCatcher In The Rye And The Kite Runner First Person Narrative1387 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent. Different colours, religions, different morals and beliefs, and maybe most important different perspectives on the world. In both The Catcher in the Rye in The Kite Runner the male protagonist tells the course of events from their perspective, and their role as narrator has a significant impact on the novels In both The Catcher in the Rye, and The Kite Runner, first person narration played a critical role in helping the reader know and understand the main characters, Holden CaulfieldRead MoreThe Catcher Of The Rye, By J. D. Salinger1699 Words   |  7 Pageshas changed throughout generations, urging people to conform to society’s beliefs in order to fulfill their goals and dreams. The theme of success and fulfillment are evident in literature and theatre pieces that were written centuries ago, and continue into novels written in the present. The play Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare, and the novel The Catcher in the Rye, written by J. D. Salinger follow the lives of two protagonists’ as they are each individually shaped by society’s idea of prosperity

Human Resource Cultural Due Diligence Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 980 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Essay any type Did you like this example? 1. Company Organization Management 2. General Human Resource Programs 3. Hiring and Employment Policy 4. Labor Relations Activity 5. Compensation Perquisite Practices 6. Overview of Benefit Programs 7. Retirement, Profit Sharing, Savings Plans 8. Group Insurance 9. Equal Employment Opportunity 10. Occupational Safety Health 11. External Environmental Factors 12. Corporate Culture Company Organization Management 1. Evaluation Factors a) Organization Structure: i) Mission Statement ii) Functional Reporting relationships iii) Position responsibilities iv) Administrative reporting relationships v) Interface with union representatives, government agencies, etc. vi) Regional/plant personnel functions (not reporting to corporate) b) Scope of department responsibilities authority: i) Key sub functions ii) Ad hoc tasks and responsibilities iii) Policy-making capabilities] iv) Bargaining unit negotiations c) Prof iles of key management: i) Personal profiles (names, positions, education, etc.) ii) Skills and talents iii) Attitudes toward achievement iv) Historical data on experience and background v) Areas of responsibility vi) Intention to continue after merger/acquisition vii) Compensation history (cash, equity, and deferred arrangements) viii) Contractual arrangements ix) Personal, noncontractual arrangements d) Employee payroll records e) Payroll history f) Physical office arrangements/sufficient space g) Human Resource operating budget: i) Allocations ii) Performance to plan iii) Historical iv) Planning process 2. Considerations a) Internal external reputation of department management b) Type and strength of management control: i) Centralization ii) Formality iii) Participative decision-making iv) Autonomy c) Leadership qualities d) Necessity for additional management following acquisition e) Competency and adequacy of current management f) Adequacy of department staff members g) Lines of succession h) Morale, work climate, and motivation levels i) Level of work commitment j) Team orientation k) Compatibility of management styles between companies l) Attitude of company management toward risk m) Authority structure and degrees of responsibility at each hierarchical level n) Inter and intra-departmental conflict o) Formal vs. informal organizational structure 3. Data Sources a) Organization charts b) Position descriptions c) Compensation records d) Personnel files e) Management contracts f) Personnel policies and procedures manual g) Operations (policy) manuals h) Operations budget i) Human Resource information systems i) Management reports (turnover, FTE, merit increases, absence, etc.) General Human Resource Programs 1. Evaluation Factors a) Existence of employee development (training) programs: i) 1st 2nd line supervisors ii) Managers iii) Degree of company commitment iv) All employees v) Program documentation b) EEO/Affirmative Action Program (See Section 9) c) Management succession program d) Employee education programs: i) Annual costs ii) Reimbursement scope iii) Level of employee participation iv) Employee scholarships v) Eligibility e) Safety programs (See Section 10) f) Communication programs: i) ii) Hot Line telephone iii) House organs/newspapers/employee publicity iv) Quality circles and the like v) Employee orientation practices vi) Attitude surveys g) Community relations/public relations programs/scholarship funds h) Policies and procedures i) Compensation practices (See Section 5) j) Benefit programs (See Sections 6, 7, 8) k) Relocation allowances l) Computerized data sources and information m) Use of outside consultants n) Employee Assistance (EAP and Grievance programs 2. Employee services i) Physical fitness programs ii) Recreation iii) Social programs iv) Parking v) Credit Union b) Employee food services: i) In-house facilities (cafeteria, eating areas, etc.) ii) Neighborhood restaurants 3. Considerations a) Quality and professionalism of employee programs b) Fairness of application and eligibility c) Degree o mechanization and /or computerization d) Comprehensiveness of company policies e) Staffing vs. use of outside services f) Efficiency of computer resources g) Availability and quality of in-house medical staff 4. Data Sources a) Personnel policies and procedures manual b) Administration and operating (policy) manuals c) Employee handbooks d) Employee announcements and memoranda e) Accident log (5 years) COMPANY CULTURE 1. Basic Driving Force of Business a) For example, but not limited to technology, research, marketing, service, finance, other b) Are there Corporate value s and what are they? c) What is vision/strategic intent? d) Are their values reflected/ contradicted in their compensation system 2. Operating environment a) Short/Long term orientation b) Degree of entrepreneurialism c) How far along are they in TQM initiatives? d) Level of competition (how competitive in the market) e) Extent of competitive advantages f) How structured is decision-making process? g) Degree of complexity of company (example: conglomerate, global, different business) h) Commitment to employee health and safety i) Employee involvement j) Risk taking atmosphere k) Degree of accountability and responsibility given employees at different levels l) Concern of social responsibility m) Labor relations philosophy 3. Life Style Indicators a) Travel and entertainment practices b) Working environment c) Company car practices d) Management perquisites e) Distinctions between levels of management 4. Organization a) Flat/hierarchical team/empowerment practices b) Centralized/decentralized c) Formalized leadership development/succession planning d) Turnover/senior management and key employees e) Time in position / senior managers f) Recruitment practices internal external g) Profile of Human Resources h) Degree of computerization i) Paternalistic versus low involvement j) Task versus people oriented k) Bureaucratic versus informal l) Generalist versus specialist m) Composition of board n) Procedures used in employee selection o) Promote from within versus hire from outside p) Long service versus up and out q) Degree of diversity 5. Interpersonal Style a) Formal / informal b) Leadership styles c) Communication approaches (bulletin board/ TV/ Newsletters, MBWA/ annual reports, d) etc.) e) Employee morale indicators (demeanor of employees/management treatment of f) employees/ treatment of customers) g) Chemistry between current company leadership team and target team 6. Reward Recognition a) Fixed/variable compensation b) Compensation policy practice c) Equity position of senior/key managers d) Celebration of success e) Promotion criteria 7. Data Sources a) Company mission/vision/strategic intent statements b) Strategic Plan c) Values statements d) Human Resources statements on mission/vision/intent e) Annual report f) Recruitment literature g) Minutes of executive committee h) Job Evaluation System i) Leadership and succession planning descriptions/plans j) Attitude survey k) Human Resource Policy Manual l) Performance Review forms m) Travel entertainment policy n) Dress code o) TQM literature p) Training guides/records q) Organization charts r) Employee publications s) Minutes of sessions with trade unions t) Suggestion system Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Human Resource Cultural Due Diligence Business Essay" essay for you Create order

What Is a Systematic Sample

In statistics there are many different types of sampling techniques. These techniques are named according to the way in which the sample is obtained.  In what follows we will examine a systematic sample and learn more about the orderly process used to acquire this type of sample. Definition of a Systematic Sample A systematic sample is obtained by a very straightforward process:   Begin with a positive whole number k.  Ã‚  Look at our population and then select the kth element.  Select the 2kth element.  Continue this process, selecting every kth element.  We stop this selection process when we have reached the desired number of elements in our sample. Examples of Systematic Sampling We will look at a few examples of how to conduct a systematic sample.   For a population with 60 elements will have a systematic sample of five elements if we select population members 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60. This population has a systematic sample of six elements if we select population members 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60. If we reach the end of our list of elements in the population, then we go back to the beginning of our list. To see an example of this we start with a population of 60 elements and want a systematic sample of six elements. Only this time, we will start at the population member with number 13. By successively adding 10 to each element we have 13, 23, 33, 43, 53 in our sample. We see that 53 10 63, a number that is greater than our total number of 60 elements in the population. By subtracting 60 we end up with our final sample member of 63 – 60 3. Determining k In the above example we have glossed over one detail. How did we know what value of k would give us the desired sample size? The determination of the value of k turns out to be a straightforward division problem. All that we need to do is to divide the number of elements in the population by the number of elements in the sample. So to obtain a systematic sample of size six from a population of 60, we choose every 60/6 10 individuals for our sample. To obtain a systematic sample of size five from a population of 60, we choose every 60/5 12 individuals. These examples were somewhat contrived as we ended up with numbers that worked together nicely. In practice this is hardly ever the case. It is quite easy to see that if the sample size is not a divisor of the population size, then the number k may not be an integer. Examples of Systematic Samples A few examples of systematic samples follow below: Calling every 1000th person in the phone book to ask their opinion on a topic.Asking every university student with ID number ending in 11 to fill out a survey.Stopping every 20th person on the way out of a restaurant to ask them to rate their meal. Systematic Random Samples From the above examples, we see that systematic samples do not necessarily need to be random. A systematic sample that is also random is referred to as a systematic random sample. This type of random sample can sometimes be substituted for a simple random sample. When we make this substitution we must be certain that the method we use for our sample does not introduce any bias.

The Homeland Security Act Of 2002 - 1562 Words

The Homeland security act of 2002, was a major reconstruction of civil services in the United States of America, which had not happened since the passing of the Civil Service Reform act of 1978 (Brook King, 2007). Over the period of 24 years, minor modifications of civil service reform were established. The events that took place during the September 11 terrorist attacks would once more restructure the United States civil services. George H W Bush proclaimed in his state of the union address, on January 29, 2002, â€Å"Our first priority must always be the security of our nation† (American Rhetoric Online Speech Bank, 2002, para. 28). In addition, Bush stated later in his speech, â€Å"America is no longer protected by vast oceans. We are†¦show more content†¦The Acts effective date was set 60 days after the date of enactment, which established the DHS in early 2003 (H.R. Res. 5005, 2002). The newly established Department primary mission is to prevent terrori st attacks, reduce the vulnerability of the United States, and minimize damages caused by terrorist attacks (H.R. Res. 5005, 2002). Accomplishment of the mission was through coalescing 22 federal agencies together, under the management of one department. An established chain of command leaves the Secretary of the DHS, overall in charge of the whole department. The secretary of the DHS, Appointed by the President, is the head of the department. The president appoints the secretary with the consent of the senate (H.R. Res. 5005, 2002). After the appointment of the secretary, the secretary takes complete control of the department. The secretary delegates the functions of the department established by the act. In addition, can enter into agreements with other executive agencies and ensure the systems and databases are compatible with the other entities of the department (H.R. Res. 5005, 2002). The secretary also has the authority to make contracts, grants, and cooperation agreements between other federal and non-federal agencies to combat terrorism (H.R. Res. 5005, 2002). The secretary has the responsibility to access, and advocate, the resources need by state and local governments that is to implement the

Fast Food America - 1498 Words

Fast food has become a major phenomenon here in America. According to Eric Schlosser, he writes in the New York Times, on average $301,369,863 is spent a day on fast food. As Schlosser shows, American people are abusing fast food. In accordance with fast food binging, obesity has become a widespread epidemic. According to Joseph Mercola M.D., on a personal website states obesity is, A chronic condition that develops as a result of an interaction between a person s genetic makeup and their environment. Here Dr. Mercola expresses how obesity is directly related to an individual s environment. Today it is not uncommon to find major fast food chains with in a short distance from residential areas. With so many choices for fast food,†¦show more content†¦Besides the fact food preparation is fast, every year thousands of commercials can be seen on TV. According to Spurlock, on average a single person watches about 10,000 different commercials per year, most of them being junk or f ast food products. These influential commercials broadcast smart slogans and offer cheap food to attract customers. In a recent survey, at the Brea Mall Food Court, when asked if they ate on a daily basis, 28 % of males said yes, while 25% of women said they too ate out daily. A surprising portion of people, 30% said they enjoyed the taste and quality, while majority about 46% said there was no time to cook at home because of work or hectic schedules. With so many great food specials and a plethora of commercials, its no wonder Americans turn to fast food for meals. Fast food is practical, quick, and reasonably cheap, though unhealthy many seem to no care. The first signs of concern came in 2003 when legislation was passed by Congress to help to slow obesity among children. The new law banned all junk foods from public schools and enforced new cafeteria food requirements. Robert Colin Carter a medical researcher from the John Hopkins School of Medicine showed that the meals served p rior to changes by school cafeteria s exceeded the newly established limits for total and saturated fats, set by the National School Lunch Program and National School Breakfast Program. Here Carter shows theShow MoreRelatedEssay on Healthy Fast Food in America1865 Words   |  8 Pagesfor their order. It’s the sad truth about fast food. The market is chock-full with hungry consumers on extremely tight schedules with â€Å"instant gratification† mindsets. One variable, the fast food market never could have predicted was a â€Å"healthy American†. Everything is now sorted into increments of one hundred calories conveniently put into separate packages for the new health-conscious men and women of the twenty first century. In the beginning, fast food markets preyed on a booming new market hungryRead MoreObesity in America: Fast Food Restaurants are NOT the Problem918 Words   |  4 PagesWith the continued growth of fast food restaurants, low priced food, and fa st friendly service, these restaurants have become very appealing to the average consumer. With this increase in popularity, there has come many problems for these companies associated with the fast food industry. These stores are being blamed for the rise of obesity and other health issues in America; leading to many wanting a ban or probation on these fast food restaurants. The Government has stepped in on this issue andRead MoreIs America Taking it too Far by Blaming Fast Food for High Obesity Rates?937 Words   |  4 Pagesquestions stands, is America taking it too far by blaming fast food for the obesity rate? After all, It is the individuals choice where, and what to eat, but on another note, fast food restaurants have a very appealing way in getting buyers, and basically tricking society into eating processed junk food that is high in calories and fats. Even though it is the individual’s decision what to eat, fast food is one of the main reasons for obesity. It is che ap, easily accessible, and fast, but it also problemRead MoreFast Food in America1664 Words   |  7 PagesFast Food in America People today have a need for speed. Everything has to be more convenient, and bigger. Humans are the super-sized rulers of the world, and people need it as fast as possible. This lifestyle has consequences; if one does not start taking charge, and fight these big corporations right now these mistakes will be too far reaching and irreversible. Because fast food is convenient, inexpensive, and is a cultural habit, people must stop eating it since it has increased health problemsRead MoreFast Food And Its Effects On America1546 Words   |  7 Pages Fast Food in America We don t walk. We overeat because we ve made it easy to overeat. We have fast-food joints on every corner. By the way, the we is all of us. It s not the government. It s all of us doing this together.†(Mehmet Oz). Fast food has been affecting Americans lives since the 1919’s and 1920’s where the first fast food restaurant originated. They were called AW in 1919 and White Castle in 1921. More than 3 million cases of obesity in America happen a year. Over timeRead MoreDependence on Fast Food in America1091 Words   |  5 PagesThe dependence on fast food by Americans has developed into a major predicament. In 2013 about eighty percent of Americans report eating at fast food restaurants at least once a month; more than half of them (about forty-seven percent of Americans) report that they eat at a fast food restaurant at least once a week (Richmond 2). Compared to the year 2006 the percentage of Americans who ate at least once a month have dropped only one percent from eighty-one percent to eighty percent (Richmond 2).Read MoreFast Food and the Obesity Epidemic in America Essay1772 Words   |  8 PagesObesity is an epidemic in America, greatly impacting youth, the health care system, and economically vulnerable populations. Among all of the high-income countries in the world, obesity rates remain the highest in the US. According to Harvard, US obesity rates have more than doubled since 1980, although they have remained the same since 2003. (Harvard School of Public Health) Approximately 31.9% of children and adolescents from the ages of 2 to 19 are obese or overweight (NPLAN), while roughly 69%Read MoreEssay on The Fast Food Culture is Detroying America4188 Words   |  17 Pages The typical American diet, with its emphasis on fast food and frozen food, is a consumption pattern reflective of, and symptomatic of, our production patterns -- what kind of jobs we find ourselves going to day-in and day-out, and the way these jobs encourage us to see the world we live in. If people are more apt to think of themselves as consumers rather than producers, if gratification is associated with consumption rather than working, doing, and making, we have only to bear in mind that thisRead MoreEssay about Fast Food is Destroying America1477 Words   |  6 PagesWe provide food that customers love, day after day after day. People just want more of it† (Ray Kroc, Founder of McDonald’s). Coronary Artery Disease is a type of heart disease and the most common cause of heart attacks. Plaque from eating unhealthy foods, builds up in the arteries, the arteries harden and begin to become narrow and can cause chest pain and heart attacks. â€Å"Obesity is a medical co ndition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect onRead MoreFast Food By Eric Schlosser933 Words   |  4 PagesSpecter uses outside sources such as, Eric Schlosser who wrote Fast-food Nation in 2001. By including outside sources Specter is able to credit his information and make sure that he has accurate and compelling information. To provide even more accuracy, he even includes quotes from other authors such as this quote, â€Å"In 2012, companies produced enough regular soda to supply every single person in America, regardless of age, with nearly thirty gallons,’’ from Marion Nestle who the recently published

Equal Educational Opportunity free essay sample

Examines theories on evolving responsibility of society to reduce learning differences based on ethnic, racial socioeconomic realities. Education is a positive right, to which children should have equal opportunity and access. Therefore, all public schools should spend roughly the same amount per student. The outcomes of these expenditures, however, depend on a variety of factors. Nevertheless, equal educational opportunity is critical to the maintenance of a democratic society. Education benefits society because it is viewed as a means to enable citizens to achieve happiness and morality. Thomas Jefferson believed that instruction would enable the citizen to safeguard his or her own liberties: Guided by a knowledge of history and the reading of newspapers, the individual would exercise reason and moral common sense to make political decisions (Spring, 1990,p. 45). In Jeffersons viewpoint, equal educational opportunity was necessary to promote natural order in

Strategic Information System of AIS

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Information System of AIS. Answer: Introduction: This report discusses about the accounting information system to develop the understanding about the AIS system. This report focuses on the different elements of Accounting Information System (AIS). At the same time, it also discusses the internal control system of AIS to control the business operations. The purpose of this report is to analyse the effectiveness of different accounting tools. In this context, Disk4U and Sungate Foods companies are selected for this report. Furthermore, this report recommends suitable accounting software to Disk4U and Sungate Foods. What Disk4U and Sungate Foods does: The Disk4U is a Sydney based company which deals in sale of CDs and Vinyl Records. The company has four business outlets which are spread around the Sydney. The company sells their CDs and Vinyl Records through physical shops, phone orders, emails, and eBay. Apart from this, company records the business transactions and business reports through manual process. On the other hand, there is various business activities performed by the Disk4U such as receiving the customer order, recording of transactions, and maintain the receipts of payments which made for the day today business operations. On the other hand, Sungate Foods is a Victoria based company which deals in the production of rice and Wild rice. During the seasonal peaks the Sungate Foods milling over the 80 tons rice per hours. At the same time, company has three warehouse and 100 employees in the Western Victoria. Further, for the marketing of food products the marketing office of the company is located in Melbourne, Victoria. The company has largest place for the milling facility as 125,000 square feet and company has the 30,000 tons capacity storage warehouse. Apart from this, company also has pollution control equipment which cleans the 240,000 cubic feet air in a minute. There are various business activities which are carried out by the Sungate Foods such as company purchase rice from the 350 farms and after the buying the rice company pack them and sell internationally and globally. Apart from this, the company carried out the various activities to keep and maintain the financial transactions as they recor d all the transactions related to patchwork of ISs and data silos (Maynard, 2013). These type activities consume the employees time and create the errors in the accounting and recording of day-today business transactions. Along with this, for the maintaining the record of business activities and financial transactions employees develops the reports from the patchwork of ISs. Business process in the Disk4U and Sungate Foods: A business process is the set of different activities which helps the organisations to fulfil the business objectives. Along with this, business process is the collection of different structured tasks or activities that helps the organisation in the development of product or services. A business process includes the various processes such as management process, operational and Supportive Process (Jeston and Nelis, 2014). These different business processes takes place in the Disk4U and Sungate Foods which are as follow: Management Process: The management process helps the organization in setting the long-term and short- term goals and objectives of the business organization. At the same time, in this process management sets the vision and mission statement for the business. Along with this, under this process management develops the different business strategies to accomplish the business objectives and achieving the competitive advantages as diversification, cost leadership, and product differentiation strategies (Chang, 2016). Apart from this, management also identifies the customers needs and wants by the market investigation. Operational Process: The operational process helps the organization in development of products and services. Under this process, organization carries out the day-today business operations related to purchase of raw material and this process converts the raw material into finished goods. In this process, business organization focuses on the development of high quality products and reducing the cost of business operations (Brocke and Rosemann, 2014). Furthermore, in this process organisation focuses on the implementation of advanced technology as electronic payment system and inventory management system to get the information about inventory and to make the payment of suppliers and receives payment from the customers. Supportive Process: The supportive process involves the different business activities such as human resource and accounting activities which help the business in getting the success. Along with this, under this business process organization uses the different accounting tools or software to record and construct the financial statements. At the same time, organization focuses on the selection of employees and develops the training and development program for their training (Jeston and Nelis, 2014). Furthermore, under this process organization delegates the role and responsibilities to employees for the management of business activities. Outcomes of different business process: Management process helps the organization in achieving business goals and objectives in short and long term. Along with this, through management process organization can develop the different strategies to fulfil the organizational objectives within specific time. Furthermore, through the use of diversification strategy, company can expand their business in untapped market. At the same time, through the use of cost leadership strategy company can reduces the cost of products and services that helps in achieving the competitive advantages. In addition to this, differentiation strategy helps the company in development of advanced and unique product and services which helps to influence the customers towards the offerings (Daniel et al, 2012). Moreover, Disk4U and Sungate Foods can increase level of customers satisfaction through providing products and services according to their needs. At the same time, through the operational process Disk4U can get the high quality CDs and Vinyl Records from their suppliers and Sungate Foods also can acquire high quality rice from the farmers. This will help both the companies in offering the high quality product and services to customers. Further, through the ERP software both the companies can make the planning about product, inventory management, payment, and marketing of their products (Chang, 2016). The use of this software can help to attract the customers beside company. Along with this, through adopting the supportive process both the companies can keep the companies information confidential. Under the supportive process company maintain their financial records, transaction codes, and other records to keep records and to fulfil all the laws (Brocke and Rosemann, 2014). In addition to this, company hires the qualified and skilled employees that reduce the employee turnover rate. Under this process, company also enhances the performance and productivity of employees through using the different training and development methods. System requirement for Disk4U and Sungate Foods: The business of Disk4U and Sungate Foods has the various requirements related to accounting and business reporting. Disk4U and Sungate Foods have needs to specific software which can helps them to keep record of all the transactions. In context of this, there are various software features which are essential for both the companies to achieve the goals and objectives. Following are the different software features: Accounting and reporting features: There are various accounting and reporting features that are required for the Disk4U and Sungate Foods such as cash inflow and cash out flow statement, profit and loss statement, balance sheet, sales report, capital forecasting and capital budgeting. In this way, it is required that both the companies should purchase the accounting software package which includes these features. Further, accounting software should include the general ledger, account payable, and account receivable options in the package (Quinn, 2012). These features will help the both the companies in the management of business accounts or reports. Tax features: There are different tax features that should be included in the accounting software package of Disk4U and Sungate Foods such as income tax, service tax, VAT, import duties, sales tax, and import duties. These tax features are required for both the companies to maintain their business transactions and to perform accounting functions according to nations laws (Romney et al, 2012). It will also help the company to take effective business decisions. Billing features: The accounting software of both the companies should consider different billing features such as ecommerce, automated transaction and billing, debit/credit card processing, and generate the invoice number. This will help the Disk4U and Sungate Foods in adopting the E-commerce business (Belfo and Trigo, 2013). Along with this, the accounting software also considers the barcode and RFID tracking features that helps both companies in management of inventory. Evaluation of different accounting software: Accounting software is a computer program that comes in use to store and manage the business accounts and accounting operations. Accounting software is used by the organisations to keep the record of daily business transactions. Along with this, accounting software is a systematic classification, interpretation, and verification of financial data. Through the using the accounting software, companies can record and monitor their financial performance. There is different accounting software such as XERO, SAP, Netsuite, and MYOB (Curtis, 2014). The detail of such softwares is as below: XERO: This accounting software is used by the small size business organization and start-ups. This accounting software includes the various functions such as double entry bookkeeping system, account payables and receivables, depreciation on fixed assets, connect to bank accounts, inventory management, and manageent reporting (XERO, 2017). This software does not includes the finacnail forcasting and different financial adjustments. This accounting software allows to suppliers to provide their supply within the nation. SAP ERP: The SAP ERP is an enterprise resource planning software developed by the german company. This software is used by the large and medium size businesses because it is the high end accountg software. The functions of this software includes the financial accoung, financial supply chain management, and management accounting. Further, the functions of this software also includes the different operational and HR business process such as material management, quality management, production and supply cahin managewment, sales and distribution, and production planning (Kurbel, 2013). It also includes the payroll and e-recruiting as human capital management in its functions. On the other hand, is also supports the different languages and currencies. This software can be customized according to business requirements. Netsuite: Netsuite is an Cloud Business Software which is used by small, medium and large size Enterprises. This accounting software includes the various features related to accounting and business reporting such as Autometed reporting, Account receivables and payables, Balance-sheet, invoices, credit card processing, budgeting and forcasts, and tracking. Further, the main functions of Netsuite are Tax accounting, Project accounting, fund accounting, core accounting, billing and invoicing, reporting, and fixed assets (Netsuite, 2017). Along with this, it supports the multi currency and languages which helps to record the transactions according to organisational needs. MYOB: This software is an accounting management solution which is used by medium and large businesses. This accounting software fulfills the requirements of different nations accounting principles and provides the options of multi currencies and languages. It includes the various features such as Billing and Invoicing, Accounting and General ledger, Tax management, Manage customers and suppliers, Payroll management, GST, Account Receivables and payables (Curtis, 2015). It also prepares the accounts, Banking and Sales Tax reports and includes the Human Resource functions. Suitable accounting software for Disk4U and Sungate Foods: Based on above different software, it can be said that SAP ERP accounting software is suitable for the Disk4U and Netsuite for Sungate Foods. It is because Netsuite and SAP ERP software is basically used by medium and large size organisations (Okungbowa, 2015). At the same time, both the softwares include the all the business accounting features which is required for Disk4U and Sungate Foods. Further, Netsuite and SAP ERP software is appropriate for both the companies as it record the transactions in multiple languages and accept the multiple currencies. Comparison of SAP ERP and XERO accounting software packages: On the basis of above information about the SAP ERP and XERO accounting software both the companies can the SAP ERP with XERO. The comparison between SAP ERP and XERO software are as below: The SAP ERP accounting software is developed for the medium and larger size business organization. While, XERO accounting software is for the small size businesses and startups. Functional Scores: The functional areas of XERO are wide as it includes the tax accounting, Billing and Invoicing, reporting, and core accounting. At the same time, stacked bar of SAPs functions are is limited. In addition to this, it can be said that higher staked functional bar does not better as compare to limited staked bar software (Software insider, 2017). The higher staked bar is indicates that XERO include the various features in its accounting software. The scope of XERO accounting software is narrow while the scope of SAP accounting software is wide. The scope of XERO accounting software includes the Agriculture industry, construction, engineering and manufacturing, healthcare, retail, real estate, and automotive industry. While the scope of SAP accounting software includes the retail industry, transportation, logistics, medical, financial and banking, telecommunication, entertainment, defence, and aerospace industry. Further, XERO accounting software includes the various features such as Inventory and Invoicing, Payroll, Purchase order, Mobile apps, financial reporting, Receive bills electronically, and multi currency (Trust radius, 2016). On the other hand, SAP software includes the Core Finance, Core, Human Resources, Procure to pay, Order to cash, and Plan to product. Accounting and reporting features: XERO accounting software includes the different types of core accounting features as Drill Down, Time and Expense Management, Account payable, Account receivable, Multi-Currency, General ledger, and Audit Trail. Whereas SAP includes the Multi-Currency, Multi-Language, Account payable, Account receivable, Time and Expense management. On the other hand, XERO software package involves the different reporting features such as Depreciation, Balance-Sheet, and Cash flow statement, Profit and Loss Statement, Custom Report, Budgeting and Forecasts (Finances online, 2016). While SAP software package includes the Sales Report, Sales Tax Report, Budgeting and Forecasts, Balance-Sheet, Profit and Loss statement, Cash flow statement, Custom Report. Tax and Fixed asset features: The XERO software package includes the two different types Tax such as VAT and 1099 Support whereas SAP package includes the multiple sales tax features. At the same time, the XERO accounting software includes the various fixed asset features such as Split Assets, Depreciation tracking, Barcode tracking, and RFID tracking (Software insider, 2017). Along with this, SAP software package also includes same asset features which involved in the XERO software. XERO accounting software package includes the various billing and invoicing features as Invoices, E-Commerce, Contact Management, Automated Billing and transactions, Credit card Processing, and Check Printing (Kale, 2014). Apart from this, the SAP includes only two billing and invoicing features such as Invoices and Purchase order. The XERO accounting software package provides their services through different channels as Forums, Instructional Videos, 24/7, Blog, Email, and Webinars. On the other hand, SAP accounting package provides their services via live chat, 24/7, Phone, and Emails (Software insider, 2017). Along with this, the services of XERO are available in different countries such as United States, Australia, United Kingdom, New Zealand, and Singapore while SAP ERP is also available in the United States and Australia. Selection of Vendor: Vendor for Disk4U: On the basis of above analysis, it can be said that Disk4U can select the SAP ERP accounting software to improve their accounting and business reporting operations. It is because; SAP ERP accounting software is beneficial for Disk4U as it includes the wide range features in comparison of other accounting software packages. The main cause of selecting this vendor or software is that it covers the different sector industry as Information technology, Aerospace, Retail, banking and Financial, telecommunications, Medical, and internet industry. Furthermore, it includes the different kind of core accounting and reporting features as Budgeting and Forecasts, Cash flow statements, Balance-sheet, Profit and Loss statements, Custom reports, Sales Report, sales tax reports, Multi currency, Account receivables, and Account payables, and Audit trail (Granlund, 2011). Further, this software involves the features of Supply chain management, social media, Human resources, manufacturing and procureme nt. Another reason of selecting the SAP ERP software is that it is mainly for medium and large size organisations. At the same time, SAP ERP accounting software includes the various support system that can help in providing better customer services as live chat, phone, 24/7, and Email. Further, SAP ERP vendors provide the facility of Barcode/RFID Tracking that can helps the Disk4U in the management of inventory (SAP, 2016). This can help company in maintain the record of inventory and business transactions. Vendor for Sungate Foods: Further, it can be said that Sungate Foods should select the Netsuite vendor to maintain companys operations areas of accounting and business reporting. This accounting software vender is beneficial for the Sungate Foods as it provides the flexibility to meet all the business requirements. The vender offer the various features in its software as customer relationship management, Enterprise resources planning, E-commerce, and it is suitable for B2C and B2C e-commerce platform, human resource management (Netsuite, 2017). Along with this, the main cause of selecting this Netsuite vendor is that it covers the manufacturing and retail sector industries and Sungate deals in these industries. Furthermore, Netsuite software accounting package involves the various functionality modules as Account receivables and payables, budgeting and financial planning, fixed asset and human capital management, general ledger, inventory and supply chain management, purchasing, and expense reporting (Romney et al, 2012). These different features will help the Sungate Foods in inventory management and recording the business transactions. Conclusion: From the above report, it can be concluded that both the companies are involved in the three different business processes such as management process, operational prcess, and supportive process. Along with this, it can be concluded that there are different kind of accounting and reporting software packages such as XERO, SAP ERP, NetSuite, and MYOB which covers the different sector industries. Further, on basis features and functions of software package, SAP ERP software package is appropriate for Disk4U and NetSuite for Sungate Foods. 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